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Effect of titanium surface microgrooves and thermal oxidation on in vitro osteoblast responses

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Abstract

¸ñÀû: ´Ù¾çÇÑ Å©±âÀÇ ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î±×·çºê°¡ Çü¼ºµÈ ƼŸ´½ Ç¥¸é¿¡ ¿­»êÈ­ 󸮸¦ ÇÑ º¹ÇÕ Ç¥¸éÀÇ Ç¥¸éƯ¼ºÀ» ±Ô¸íÇÏ°í, Àΰ£Ä¡ÁÖÀδ뼼Æ÷ ¹è¾ç ½Ã Ç¥¸é¿¡ µû¸¥ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷Çൿµé°£ Â÷ÀÌ¿Í »ó°ü°ü°è¸¦ ºÐ¼®ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

Àç·á ¹× ¹æ¹ý: Grade II ƼŸ´½ µð½ºÅ©¸¦ ½ÃÆíÀ¸·Î Á¦ÀÛÇÏ¿´´Ù. Æ÷Å丮¼Ò±×¶óÇǸ¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ƼŸ´½ ½ÃÆíÀÇ ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î±×·çºê Å©±â¸¦ Æø/±íÀÌ 0/0 §­, 15/3.5 §­, 30/10 §­, 60/10 §­·Î °¢°¢ Çü¼ºÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÆòÈ°ÇÑ Æ¼Å¸´½ Ç¥¸éÀÎ ´ëÁ¶±º(ST)À» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ¸ðµç ½ÇÇ豺(ST/TO, Gr15-TO, Gr30-TO, Gr60-TO)¿¡ 700¡É¿¡¼­ 3½Ã°£µ¿¾È ¿­»êÈ­ ó¸®ÇÏ°í, ÁÖ»çÇö¹Ì°æ »çÁøÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Ç¥¸éƯ¼ºÀ» Æò°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Àΰ£Ä¡ÁÖÀδ뼼Æ÷¸¦ ¹è¾çÇÑ ÈÄ BrdU (Bromdeoxyuridine) ½ÇÇè, ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º Àλ갡¼öºÐÇØÈ¿¼Ò È°¼º ½ÇÇè, ¼¼Æ÷¿Ü Ä®½· ħÂø ½ÇÇèÀ» ÅëÇØ ¼¼Æ÷Á¢Âø, ¼¼Æ÷ºÐÈ­ ¹× °ñ±¤È­¸¦ Æò°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. Åë°èºÐ¼®À¸·Î´Â ÀÏ¿äÀκлêºÐ¼®°ú ÇǾ»ó°ü°ü°èºÐ¼®(SPSS version 17.0)À» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù.

°á°ú: ¿­»êÈ­¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÑ ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î±×·çºê°¡ Çü¼ºµÈ ½ÇÇ豺(Gr15-TO, Gr30-TO, Gr60-TO)µéÀº ÆòÈ°ÇÑ ´ëÁ¶±º(ST)°ú ´Ü¼ø ¿­»êÈ­ ó¸® ½ÇÇ豺(ST-TO)¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© BrdU ½ÇÇè, ¾ËÄ®¸®¼º Àλ갡¼öºÐÇØÈ¿¼Ò È°¼º ½ÇÇè, ¼¼Æ÷ ¿Ü Ä®½· ħÂø ½ÇÇè ¸ðµÎ¿¡¼­ À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô Áõ°¡µÈ È°¼ºµµ¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¾ú´Ù. ƯÈ÷, Gr60-TO±ºÀº ´ëÁ¶±º ¹× Gr15-TO, Gr30-TO, Gr60-TO ±º µî¿¡ ºñÇØ °¡Àå ÁõÁøµÈ ¼¼Æ÷Á¢Âø ¹× °ñ¾Æ¼¼Æ÷ºÐÈ­/°ñ±¤È­¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³Â´Ù.

°á·Ð: º» ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ÇÑ°è ³»¿¡¼­, ¿­»êÈ­ ó¸® ¹× ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î±×·çºê º¹ÇÕ Æ¼Å¸´½ Ç¥¸éÀº °ñ¾Æ¼¼Æ÷ºÐÈ­¿¡ È¿°úÀû ¹æ¹ýÀÓÀÌ È®ÀεǾú´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ ±Ô¸íµÈ ÀûÁ¤ÇÑ ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î±×·çºê Å©±â¿Í ¿­»êÈ­ ó¸® Á¶°ÇÀº ¸¶ÀÌÅ©·Î±×·çºê-¿­»êÈ­ º¹ÇÕ Ç¥¸é ƼŸ´½ ÀÓÇöõÆ® °³¹ßÀÇ ±âÃÊ È®¸³¿¡ ±â¿©ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

PURPOSE: We aimed to investigate the effect of combined various microgrooves and thermal oxidation on the titanium (Ti) and to evaluate various in vitro responses of human periodontal ligament cells (PLCs).

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Grade II titanium disks were fabricated. Microgrooves were applied on titanium discs to have 0/0 §­, 15/3.5 §­, 30/10 §­/, and 60/10 §­of respective width/depth by photolithography. Thermal oxidation was performed on the microgrooves of Ti substrata for 3 h at 700¡É in air. The experiments were divided into 3 groups: control group (ST), thermal oxidation group (ST/TO), and combined microgrooves and thermal oxidation group (Gr15-TO, Gr30-TO, Gr60-TO). Surface characterization was performed by field-emission scanning microscopy. Cell adhesion, osteoblastic differentiation, and mineralization were analyzed using the bromodeoxyurdine (BrdU), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and extracellular calcium deposition assays, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using the oneway analysis of variance and Pearson¡¯s bivariate correlation analysis (SPSS Version 17.0).

RESULTS: In general, the combined microgrooves and thermal oxidation group (Gr15-TO, Gr30-TO, Gr60-TO) showed significantly higher levels compared with the control (ST) or thermal oxidation (ST-TO) groups in the BrdU expression, ALP activity, and extracellular calcium deposition. Gr60-TO group induced highest levels of cell adhesion and osteoblastic differentiation.

CONCLUSION: Within the limitation of this study, we conclude that the Ti surface treatment using combined microgrooves and thermal oxidation is highly effective in inducing the cell adhesion andosteoblastic differentiation. The propose surface is also expected to be effective in inducing rapid and strong osseointegration of Ti oral implants.

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Titanium; Microgrooves; Thermal oxidation; Osteoblastic differentiation

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